Global Biodiversity: Indicators of Recent Declines

被引：3367

作者：

Butchart, Stuart H. M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Walpole, Matt ^{[1
]}

Collen, Ben ^{[3
]}

van Strien, Arco ^{[4
]}

Scharlemann, Joern P. W. ^{[1
]}

Almond, Rosamunde E. A. ^{[1
]}

Baillie, Jonathan E. M. ^{[3
]}

Bomhard, Bastian

Brown, Claire

Bruno, John ^{[5
]}

Carpenter, Kent E. ^{[6
]}

Carr, Genevieve M. ^{[7
]}

Chanson, Janice ^{[8
]}

Chenery, Anna M. ^{[1
]}

Csirke, Jorge ^{[9
]}

Davidson, Nick C. ^{[10
]}

Dentener, Frank ^{[11
]}

Foster, Matt

Galli, Alessandro ^{[12
]}

Galloway, James N. ^{[13
]}

Genovesi, Piero ^{[14
]}

Gregory, Richard D. ^{[15
]}

Hockings, Marc ^{[16
]}

Kapos, Valerie ^{[1
,17
]}

Lamarque, Jean-Francois ^{[18
]}

Leverington, Fiona ^{[16
]}

Loh, Jonathan ^{[19
]}

McGeoch, Melodie A. ^{[20
,21
]}

McRae, Louise ^{[3
]}

Minasyan, Anahit ^{[22
]}

Morcillo, Monica Hernandez ^{[1
]}

Oldfield, Thomasina E. E. ^{[23
]}

Pauly, Daniel ^{[24
]}

Quader, Suhel ^{[25
]}

Revenga, Carmen ^{[26
]}

Sauer, John R. ^{[27
]}

Skolnik, Benjamin ^{[28
]}

Spear, Dian ^{[29
]}

Stanwell-Smith, Damon ^{[1
]}

Stuart, Simon N. ^{[1
,30
,31
]}

Symes, Andy ^{[2
]}

Tierney, Megan ^{[1
]}

Tyrrell, Tristan D. ^{[1
]}

Vie, Jean-Christophe ^{[32
]}

Watson, Reg ^{[24
]}

机构：

[1] UN, Environm Programme, World Conservat Monitoring Ctr, Cambridge CB3 0DL, England

[2] BirdLife Int, Cambridge CB3 0NA, England

[3] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England

[4] Stat Netherlands, NL-2490 HA The Hague, Netherlands

[5] Univ N Carolina, Dept Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA

[6] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA

[7] Natl Water Res Inst Branch, United Nations Environm Programme, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada

[8] Conservat Int, Ctr Appl Biodivers Sci, Biodivers Assessment Unit, IUCN Species Survival Commiss, Arlington, VA 22202 USA

[9] UN, Food & Agr Org, Fisheries & Aquaculture Management Div, I-00153 Rome, Italy

[10] Secretariat Ramsar Convent Wetlands, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland

[11] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy

[12] Global Footprint Network, Oakland, CA 94607 USA

[13] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA

[14] Ist Super Protez & Ric Ambientale, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[15] Royal Soc Protect Birds, Sandy SG19 2DL, Beds, England

[16] Univ Queensland, Sch Integrat Syst, Brisbane, Qld 4067, Australia

[17] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England

[18] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA

[19] World Wildlife Fund Int, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland

[20] S African Natl Pk, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-7947 Steenberg, South Africa

[21] S African Natl Pk, Global Invas Species Programme, ZA-7947 Steenberg, South Africa

[22] United Nations Educ Sci & Cultural Org, F-75352 Paris, France

[23] TRAFFIC Int, Cambridge CB3 0DL, England

[24] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Sea Us Project, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada

[25] Natl Ctr Biol Sci, Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India

[26] Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA 22203 USA

[27] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA

[28] Amer Bird Conservancy, Washington, DC 20009 USA

[29] Univ Stellenbosch, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa

[30] Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, IUCN Species Survival Commiss, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England

[31] Al Ain Wildlife Pk & Resort, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates

[32] IUCN, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland

来源：

SCIENCE | 2010年 / 328卷 / 5982期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

CONSERVATION; FOREST; IMPACT; BIRDS;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1187512

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

In 2002, world leaders committed, through the Convention on Biological Diversity, to achieve a significant reduction in the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. We compiled 31 indicators to report on progress toward this target. Most indicators of the state of biodiversity (covering species' population trends, extinction risk, habitat extent and condition, and community composition) showed declines, with no significant recent reductions in rate, whereas indicators of pressures on biodiversity (including resource consumption, invasive alien species, nitrogen pollution, overexploitation, and climate change impacts) showed increases. Despite some local successes and increasing responses (including extent and biodiversity coverage of protected areas, sustainable forest management, policy responses to invasive alien species, and biodiversity-related aid), the rate of biodiversity loss does not appear to be slowing.

引用

页码：1164 / 1168

页数：5

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