Airway epithelial Fas ligand expression: potential role in modulating bronchial inflammation

Epithelium-derived Fas ligand is believed to modulate inflammation within various tissues. In this paper, we report findings that suggest a similar immunoregulatory role for Fas ligand in the lung. First, Fas ligand was localized to nonciliated, cuboidal airway epithelial cells (Clara cells) throughout the airways in the normal murine lung by employing nonisotopic in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Second, gld mutant mice, which express a dysfunctional Fas ligand protein, were noted to develop prominent infiltration of inflammatory cells in submucosal and peribronchial regions of the upper and lower airways. Third, during allergic airway inflammation induced by ovalbumin in mice, cell-associated staining for Fas ligand mRNA and protein was markedly reduced in the airway epithelium. These data suggest that Clara cell-derived Fas Ligand may control immune activity in the airway; thus alterations in this protective mechanism may be involved in the pathogenesis of certain inflammatory conditions of the airway, such as asthma.