Exercise and Sports Science Australia (ESSA) position statement on exercise prescription for the prevention and management of osteoporosis

被引:231
作者
Beck, Belinda R. [1 ]
Daly, Robin M. [2 ]
Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone [3 ,4 ]
Taaffe, Dennis R. [5 ,6 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Griffith Univ, Sch Allied Hlth Sci, Menzies Hlth Inst Queensland, Griffith, NSW, Australia
[2] Deakin Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, Ctr Phys Act & Nutr Res, Geelong, Vic, Australia
[3] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Exercise Hlth & Performance Res Grp, Sydney, NSW, Australia
[4] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW, Australia
[5] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Churchlands, WA, Australia
[6] Edith Cowan Univ, Exercise Med Res Inst, Churchlands, WA, Australia
[7] Univ Queensland, Sch Human Movement & Nutr Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
关键词
Ageing; Balance; Bone; Exercise guidelines; Falls; Fracture prevention; Muscle; Osteopenia; Physical activity; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PROVIDES LIFELONG BENEFITS; HIGH-IMPACT EXERCISE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OLDER-ADULTS; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; FALLS PREVENTION; VITAMIN-D;
D O I
10.1016/j.jsams.2016.10.001
中图分类号
G8 [体育];
学科分类号
040301 [体育人文社会学];
摘要
Objectives: Osteoporotic fractures are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Although exercise has long been recommended for the prevention and management of osteoporosis, existing guidelines are often non-specific and do not account for individual differences in bone health, fracture risk and functional capacity. The aim of the current position statement is to provide health practitioners with specific, evidence-based guidelines for safe and effective exercise prescription for the prevention or management of osteoporosis, accommodating a range of potential comorbidities. Design: Position statement. Methods: Interpretation and application of research reports describing the effects of exercise interventions for the prevention and management of low bone mass, osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. Results: Evidence from animal and human trials indicates that bone responds positively to impact activities and high intensity progressive resistance training. Furthermore, the optimisation of muscle strength, balance and mobility minimises the risk of falls (and thereby fracture), which is particularly relevant for individuals with limited functional capacity and/or a very high risk of osteoporotic fracture. It is important that all exercise programs be accompanied by sufficient calcium and vitamin D, and address issues of comorbidity and safety. For example, loaded spine flexion is not recommended, and impact activities may require modification in the presence of osteoarthritis or frailty. Conclusions: Specific guidelines for safe and effective exercise for bone health are presented. Individual exercise prescription must take into account existing bone health status, co-morbidities, and functional or clinical risk factors for falls and fracture. (C) 2016 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:438 / 445
页数:8
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