Spatial distribution of small pelagic fish larvae in the Gulf of California and its relation to the El Nino 1997-1998

Sardinops caeruleus larvae were almost absent during the El Nino 1997-1998, when the sea surface temperature (SST) increased by 4 degrees C. After the event, these larvae appeared in high abundance between 18 and 22 degrees C SST. Engraulis mordax larvae were recorded in high abundance during the El Nino (17 and 25 degrees C SST) and afterwards (14 and 22 degrees C). During the event, they tended to concentrate close to Isla Angel de La Guarda and Isla Tiburon, the coldest zone. The El Nino conditions affected the spawning of S.caeruleus more than E.mordax, with the latter more adapted to strong environmental changes.