Cultural systems can reduce reproductive potential of winter annual grasses

Feral, rye and jointed goatgrass are winter annual grasses that infest winter wheat in the western United States. Currently, no herbicides an available that selectively control these weeds in wheat. Because of this constraint, producers need, cultural practices that reduce the seed densities of these two grasses in the soil seedbank, This research shows that applying nitrogen 5 mo before wheat planting and increasing the seeding rate with a tall wheal cultivar reduces seed production per plant of either species by > 40%. However tall wheat cultivars usually yield less grain than semidwarf cultivars. Producers can avoid this yield loss by combining narrow rows with time of N application and increased seeding rate of semidwarf cultivars. This combination reduces weed seed production similarly to cultural systems with tall cultivars.