Preparation and properties of cellulose nanocrystals: Rods, spheres, and network

被引:807
作者
Lu, Ping [1 ]
Hsieh, You-Lo [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
关键词
Cellulose nanocrystals; Acid hydrolysis; Freeze-drying; Mesoporous structure; ELASTIC-MODULUS; NANOCOMPOSITES; WHISKERS; MICROFIBRILS; COMPOSITES; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; WOOD;
D O I
10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.073
中图分类号
O69 [应用化学];
学科分类号
081704 ;
摘要
Cellulose nanocrystals with rod, sphere, and network morphologies were prepared by acid hydrolysis of cotton cellulose, followed by freeze-drying. Hydrolysis with sulfuric acid introduced sulfate groups to these nanocrystal surfaces permitting their dispersion in aqueous as well as organic media, including ethanol and N,N-dimethylformamide, in a matter of seconds. Freeze-drying, on the other hand, induced mesoporosity (91.99 +/- 2.57 angstrom average pore width) and significantly improved specific surface (13.362 m(2)/g) that is about 9 times of the original cellulose (1.547 m(2)/g). Moreover, the nanocrystals exhibited improved thermal conductivity and considerably higher (nearly 30%) carbonaceous residue, possibly due to direct solid-to-gas decomposition. These results demonstrated that a combination of surface charge introduction and fixation of mesoporosity in cellulose nanocrystals is an efficient route to prepare large quantity of high quality cellulose nanocrystals with quick re-dispersion capability for practical applications. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:329 / 336
页数:8
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