Mitochondria-Judges and Executioners of Cell Death Sentences

被引:289
作者
Bhola, Patrick D. [1 ,2 ]
Letai, Anthony [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA 02215 USA
关键词
CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; BCL-X-L; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; CYTOCHROME-C; MEMBRANE PERMEABILIZATION; BH3; DOMAINS; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE EXPOSURE; CHROMOSOMAL BREAKPOINT; PROAPOPTOTIC FUNCTION; PROMOTES APOPTOSIS;
D O I
10.1016/j.molcel.2016.02.019
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is critical for basic human development and physiology. One of the more important surprises in cell biology in the last two decades is the extent to which mitochondria represent a physical point of convergence for many apoptosis-inducing signals in mammalian cells. Mitochondria not only adjudicate the decision of whether or not to commit to cell death, but also release toxic proteins culminating in widespread proteolysis, nucleolysis, and cell engulfment. Interactions among BCL-2 family proteins at the mitochondrial outer membrane control the release of these toxic proteins and, by extension, control cellular commitment to apoptosis. This pathway is particularly relevant to cancer treatment, as most cancer chemotherapies trigger mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in the BCL-2 family interactions, their control by upstream factors, and how the mitochondria itself alters these interactions. We also highlight recent clinical insights into mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and novel cancer therapies that exploit this pathway.
引用
收藏
页码:695 / 704
页数:10
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