Amyloid beta 1-42 deposits do not lead to Alzheimer's neuritic plaques in aged dogs

In Alzheimer's disease, amyloid beta (A beta) is deposited in senile plaques and amyloid angiopathy. Longer A beta peptides, which extend to residue 42 (A beta 42), have been suggested to be critical for the seeding of amyloid. Aged dogs develop cerebral vessel amyloid and parenchymal preamyloid lesions. Preamyloid in humans is related to senile plaques, whereas in dogs such progression is rare. We evaluated the composition of aged canine vessel amyloid and preamyloid both biochemically and immunohistochemically. The vessel amyloid extended mainly to residue 40 (A beta 40), while preamyloid contained a mixture of A beta 17-42 and A beta 42, with minimal A beta 40. Our results suggest other factors besides A beta 42 are important for neuritic plaque formation.