Wind power impact on system frequency deviation and an ESS based power filtering algorithm solution

Wind power is the fastest growing renewable energy. However due to its stochastic nature, fluctuating wind power results in adverse impacts on power systems, including system frequency deviations. Study on system frequency response in this paper shows power systems are more sensitive to the medium frequency power fluctuations (between 0.01 and 1 Hz), while the majority of wind power fluctuations are located in that regions and below. For small standalone power systems, even a modest wind penetration will lead to considerable system frequency deviation by the wind. To diminish the wind power impact on system frequency, an energy storage system (ESS) based wind power filtering algorithm is proposed in this paper, aimed at attenuation of those medium frequency fluctuations. Electromagnetic transient simulation results quantitatively demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm; the wind power is smoothed out and the system frequency deviations are limited to an acceptable level.