The master sex-determination locus in threespine sticklebacks is on a nascent Y chromosome

被引:326
作者
Peichel, CL [1 ]
Ross, JA
Matson, CK
Dickson, M
Grimwood, J
Schmutz, J
Myers, RM
Mori, S
Schluter, D
Kingsley, DM
机构
[1] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dev Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[2] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[3] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Human Biol, Seattle, WA 98109 USA
[4] Univ Washington, Mol & Cellular Biol Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[5] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Stanford Human Genome Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
[6] Gifu Keizai Univ, Biol Lab, Gifu 5038550, Japan
[7] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
基金
加拿大创新基金会; 美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
D O I
10.1016/j.cub.2004.08.030
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Background: Many different environmental and genetic sex-determination mechanisms are found in nature. Closely related species can use different master sex-determination switches, suggesting that these developmental pathways can evolve very rapidly. Previous cytological studies suggest that recently diverged species of stickleback fish have different sex chromosome complements. Here, we investigate the genetic and chromosomal mechanisms that underlie sex determination in the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Results: Genome-wide linkage mapping identifies a single chromosome region at the distal end of linkage group (LG) 19, which controls male or female sexual development in threespine sticklebacks. Although sex chromosomes are not cytogenetically visible in this species, several lines of evidence suggest that LG 19 is an evolving sex chromosome system, similar to the XX female/ XY male system in many other species: (1) males are consistently heterozygous for unique alleles in this region; (2) recombination between loci linked to the sex-determination region is reduced in male meiosis relative to female meiosis; (3) sequence analysis of X- and Y-specific bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones from the sex-determination region reveals many sequence differences between the X- and Y-specific clones; and (4) the Y chromosome has accumulated transposable elements and local duplications. Conclusions: Taken together, our data suggest that threespine sticklebacks have a simple chromosomal mechanism for sex determination based on a nascent Y chromosome that is less than 10 million years old. Further analysis of the stickleback system will provide an exciting window into the evolution of sex-determination pathways and sex chromosomes in vertebrates.
引用
收藏
页码:1416 / 1424
页数:9
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