Effects of prostaglandin E2, F2α, and latanoprost acid on isolated ocular blood vessels in vitro

The vascular effects of PGE(2), PGF(2 alpha) and latanoprost acid on isolated bovine long posterior ciliary arteries and episcleral veins have been investigated using a small vessel myograph. PGE(2) caused vasorelaxation both in the ciliary artery and episcleral vein (EC50: 7.9x10(-9) M and 2.1x10(-8) M respectively). Blockade of thromboxane receptors with GR 32191B, a TP receptor antagonist, shifted the concentration-response curves to the left in both preparations, probably indicating a slight costimulation of TP receptors in these vessels. Blockade of tachykinin NK-1 receptors had no effect on the PGE(2) concentration-response curve. PGF(2 alpha) caused a concentration dependent contraction in half of the ciliary arteries examined and relaxation in the other half. In the presence of the thromboxane receptor antagonist (GR 3211B) PGF(2 alpha) always induced relaxation of the ciliary artery (EC50:1.3x10(-5) M). At higher concentrations PGF(2 alpha) tended to slightly constrict the episcleral veins, but in the presence of the TP receptor antagonist (GR 32191B) only relaxation was observed. Latanoprost acid contracted the ciliary artery at concentrations above 10(-6) M. This effect was completely abolished by the TP receptor antagonist (GR 32191B). In the episcleral vein latanoprost acid induced a slight relaxation but in the presence of the TP receptor antagonist (GR 32191B) no effect was observed. These results indicate that PGE(2) invariably induces vasorelaxation of bovine ciliary arteries and episcleral veins, whereas both PGF(2 alpha) and latanoprost acid at high concentrations can cause vasoconstriction probably by stimulating TP receptors. PGF(2 alpha), causes marked relaxation of both ciliary arteries and episcleral veins in the presence of the TP blocker which seems unlikely to be mediated by FP receptors.