The risk of elevated creatine kinase and myoglobulinemia due to incised muscles in patients who underwent urological surgery

Purpose: We clarified the risk of elevated creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobulinemia during incised muscle urological operations. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 58 consecutive cases of radical nephrectomy with muscle incision and 89 consecutive radical prostatectomies or radical cystectomies without muscle incision. Operations with or without muscle incision were divided into 2 groups depending on operative time (200 minutes or less and 201 to 400). Increases in CK and myoglobin were compared between the 2 groups, and between muscle incision and no muscle incision at each operative time. Results: CK and myoglobin were proportionally increased according to operative time in operations without muscle incision but not in muscle incision operations, in which high CK and myoglobin were seen even with short operative times. CK and myoglobin were more increased in muscle incision operations than in those without incision with significance at each operative time. However, maximum CK and myoglobin were 2,220 IU/L and 3,600 ng/ml, respectively, in muscle incision operations. Conclusions: Even with short operative times surgeries with muscle incision are associated with a marked increase in CK and myoglobulinemia. However, CK and myoglobin are not sufficiently high for rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure to develop.