First-time parents' postpartum changes in employment, childcare, and housework responsibilities

Objective. To investigate postpartum changes in first-time parents' work responsibilities, and to identify predictors of parents' satisfaction with housework sharing. Methods. Two hundred and sixty one fathers and mothers (128 couples) expecting their first child completed surveys about their work responsibilities during pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. Results. Time devoted to work responsibilities increased by 64% for mothers and 31% for fathers after childbirth. Mothers (vs. fathers) reported significantly greater increases in childcare (48.9 vs. 25.7 h/week, p < .001) and total work (35,6 vs. 23.5 h/week, p < .001), and greater decreases in employment (10.7 vs. 0.2 h/week, p < .001). Couples perceived less housework sharing and less satisfaction with work sharing after childbirth. Mothers' postpartum satisfaction with housework sharing was associated with partner satisfaction. childcare time. and less involvement in housework. Conclusions. The birth of a first child produced substantial increases in parents' workloads. and mothers assumed the bulk of responsibility for domestic work. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.