Caregiver experiences, contextualizations and understandings of the burn injury to their child. Accounts from low-income settings in South Africa

Background Childhood burn injury is a widespread phenomenon with a disproportionate concentration in Sub-Saharan Africa. Burn injuries may have far-reaching and traumatic interpersonal, social and occupational effects for young children. There has been scant attention to the caregiver's experience of these events. This study sought to explore the caregiver's understanding of the injury to their children, the injury causes and its preventability. Methods The study is based on interviews with 13 caregivers. All informants were the female parents or grandparent of children who had sustained a moderate to severe burn injury and presented at a children's hospital in Cape Town. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a synthesis of the grounded theory approach with core content analytic steps. Results Analysis of data indicates that information related to the injury event can be separated into the child's activities, the activity undertaken by the caregiver at the time of the event and the environmental hazards coming into play. The remote factors associated with the event were related to the individual caregiver, family circumstances, the area's living conditions and the cultural context. The caregivers' suggestions for the future focused on the isolation of heat sources, caregiver supervision and environmental renovations. Conclusions Caregivers emphasized the multifactorial nature of the burn injury event and highlighted the adverse environmental, domestic and personal circumstances to their child's burn injury. Their recommendations for burn prevention avoidance and control are consistent with their understanding of the injury aetiology and demonstrate a synergy with public health recommendations for environmental and technological interventions.