Hypertension in the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess due to mutation of the 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene

被引:197
作者
Stewart, PM
Krozowski, ZS
Gupta, A
Milford, DV
Howie, AJ
Sheppard, MC
Whorwood, CB
机构
[1] UNIV BIRMINGHAM,QUEEN ELIZABETH HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TH,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND
[2] CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT PAEDIAT NEPHROL,BIRMINGHAM B16 8ET,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND
[3] BAKER MED RES INST,PRAHRAN,VIC,AUSTRALIA
关键词
D O I
10.1016/S0140-6736(96)90211-1
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Background 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD) catalyses the interconversion of hormonally active cortisol to inactive cortisone acid is vital for dictating specificity for the mineralocorticoid receptor. Thus, in patients with congenital deficiency of 11 beta-HSD (the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess, AME), cortisol acid not aldosterone acts as a mineralocorticoid, resulting in hypertension and hypokalaemia with suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis. Two isoforms of human 11 beta-HSD have been described, but it is the NAD-dependent type 2 isoform (11 beta-HSD2), first characterised in placental tissue, that is expressed in the mineralocorticoid target tissues, kidney and colon. We have analysed the 11 beta-HSD2 gene as a candidate gene in explaining the molecular basis of AME. Methods By exon-specific PCR-amplification of the 11 beta-HSD2 gene in a consanguineous kindred with AME, we found a point mutation (C1228T) in two affected siblings, and also in placental DNA obtained from a stillbirth pregnancy. Findings The mutation in exon 5 of the 11 beta-HSD2 gene resulted in a premature stop site at codon 374 instead of a normal arginine (R374X), with the deletion of 32 aminoacids from the C-terminus of the 11 beta-HSD2 enzyme protein. Both parents, who are phenotypically normal, are heterozygote for the C1228T mutation in keeping with an autosomal recessive form of inheritance. NAD-dependent 11 beta-HSD activity was severely attenuated in the stillbirth placenta compared with control placental tissue, and no 11 beta-HSD immunostaining was observed in this placenta with antisera derived against a C-terminal 11 beta-HSD2 peptide sequence. Interpretation AME is due to a mutation in the 11 beta-HSD2 gene, and is an example of human hypertension arising from a single gene defect.
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页码:88 / 91
页数:4
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