Prevalence and severity of malnutrition in pre-school children in a rural area of western Kenya

被引:35
作者
Kwena, AM [1 ]
Terlouw, DJ
De Vlas, SJ
Phillips-Howard, PA
Hawley, WA
Friedman, JF
Vulule, JM
Nahlen, BL
Sauerwein, RW
ter Kuile, FO
机构
[1] Moi Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem Med, Eldoret, Kenya
[2] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya
[3] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA
[4] Univ Med Ctr St Radboud, Dept Med Microbiol, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
[5] Erasmus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands
[6] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis Trop Med & AIDS, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
[7] WHO, Roll Back Malaria, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
关键词
D O I
10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.94
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
We determined the nutritional status of children less than five years of age in an area in rural western Kenya with intense malaria transmission, a high prevalence of severe anemia and human immunodeficiency virus, and high infant and under-five mortality (176/1,000 and 259/1,000). No information is available on the prevalence of malnutrition in this area. Three cross-sectional surveys were conducted between 1996 and 1998 to monitor the effect of insecticide-treated bed nets on child morbidity. Anthropometric indices are presented for 2,103 children collected prior to and during intervention (controls only). The prevalence of stunting (Z-scores for height-for-age [HAZ] <-2), wasting (Z-scores for weight-for-height [WHZ] <-2) and being underweight (Z-scores for weight-for-age [WAZ] <-2) was 30%, 4%, and 20%, respectively. This was severe (Z-score <-3) in 12% (stunting), 1% (wasting), and 5% (underweight) of the children. Few children less than three months of age were malnourished (<2%), but height-for-age and weight-forage deficits increased rapidly in children 3-18 months of age, and were greatest in children 18-23 months old (44% stunted and 34% underweight). While the mean HAZ and WAZ stabilized from 24 months of age onwards, they still remained substantially below the reference median with no evidence of catch-up growth. Malnutrition is likely to interact with infectious diseases, placing children 3-24 months of age at high risk of premature death in this area.
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页码:94 / 99
页数:6
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