Effect size estimation: Factors to consider and mistakes to avoid

In recent years, there has been an increase in the reporting of effect size information. This paper (a) provides a review of commonly used effect size indices, (b) highlights some common misconceptions about effect size estimates, and (c) introduces a number of infrequently used effect size measures which depending upon the research context and the audience may better communicate the importance of the relationship between two variables. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.