The influence of age and sex on the prevalence of depressive conditions: report from the National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity (Reprinted from Psychological Medicine, vol 28, pg 9-19, 1998)

被引:117
作者
Bebbington, P
Dunn, G
Jenkins, R
Lewis, G
Brugha, T
Farrell, M
Meltzer, H
机构
[1] UCL, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Sch Med, Whittington Hosp, London N19 5NF, England
[2] Off Natl Stat, London, England
[3] Cardiff Univ, Dept Psychol Med, Cardiff CF4 4XN, S Glam, Wales
[4] Univ Leicester, Dept Psychiat, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England
[5] Univ Manchester, Sch Epidemiol & Hlth Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England
关键词
D O I
10.1080/0954026021000045976
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 [精神病与精神卫生学];
摘要
Women are consistently reported to have a greater prevalence of depressive disorders than men. The reason for this is unclear, and is as likely to be social as biological. There is some evidence that the excess of depression is greater during women's reproductive lives. Data from the National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity were used to test the hypothesis that the excess disappeared in the post-menopausal years and that obvious social explanations for this were inadequate. Subjects (n = 9792) from a random sample of the British population provided data for the analysis. Lay interviewers using the CIS-R carried out psychiatric assessment. Subjects with ICD-10 depressive episode or mixed anxiety/depression were compared with the remainder. Social variables that were likely to contribute to a postmenopausal decline in depressive disorders were controlled in logistic regression analyses. There was a clear reversal of the sex difference in prevalence of depression in those over age 55. This could not be explained in terms of differential effects of marital status, childcare, or employment status. This large and representative survey adds considerably to the increasingly held view that the sex difference in prevalence of depression is less apparent in later middle age. This may be linked to the menopause, and our attempts to explain it in terms of obvious conditions among social variables were not successful. More specific studies are required to clarify the finding.
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页码:74 / 83
页数:10
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