Can Bone Morphogenetic Protein Binding Peptide Increase Efficiency of Bone Formation?

Study Design. The role of bone morphogenetic protein binding peptide (BBP) in bone formation is reviewed from basic science studies and potential clinical application. Objective. We review the discovery and early scientific studies of BBP with emphasis on potential future clinical applications. Summary of Background Data. Biologics delivered locally to enhance bone formation are of increasing importance, particularly in spinal fusion. The most useful agents currently available are bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). The indications for recombinant human BMP are expanding; however, certain disadvantages including high costs, unwanted ectopic bone formation, and local inflammatory reaction are becoming more prevalent. As a result, alternate strategies are being developed to provide safer, less expensive, and more efficacious adjuvant agents. Methods. This study reviews the existing published data and early experimental results, and explores potential clinical applications of BBP. Results. BBP is a specific binding protein for BMP with an intermediate affinity, which makes it an ideal "slow release" agent. Conclusion. BBP may reduce the time to fusion and more thoroughly control the distribution of bone healing in spinal fusion. Further study is ongoing to explore clinical applications.