Stereoselectivity of antibodies for the bioanalysis of chiral drugs

The use of immunoassay techniques represents an alternative approach to the more common chromatographic methods for the determination of the concentrations of chiral drugs. In the development of the former technique, the inherent stereoselectivity of the antibodies used appears to be an important parameter to be studied. The structural features of the drug, including the environment around the asymmetric center, the flexibility of the molecule and the ability of the molecule to undergo racemization, contribute to the molecule's ability to be recognized by stereoselective antibodies. These parameters are intrinsic and can not be influenced by the investigator. On the other hand, other parameters can be modified to favor the raising of highly stereoselective antibodies. These include the synthesis of an appropriate hapten; the selection of an optimal spacer arm between the hapten and the carrier protein used for the immunization procedure; and the choice of appropriate immunization and antibody-screening procedures. The purification of antibodies using affinity chromatography may also facilitate the selection of stereoselective antibodies.