High-affinity HLA-A(*)02.01 peptides from parathyroid hormone-related protein generate in vitro and in vivo antitumor CTL response without autoimmune side effects

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP), a protein produced by prostate carcinoma and other epithelial cancers, is a key agent in the development of bone metastases. We investigated whether the protein follows the self-tolerance paradigm or can be used as a target Ag for anticancer immunotherapy by investigating the immunogenicity of two HLA-A(*)02.01-binding PTH-rP-derived peptides (PTR-2 and -4) with different affinity qualities. PTH-rP peptide-specific CTL lines were generated from the PBMC of two HLA-A(*)02.01(+) healthy individuals, stimulated in vitro with PTH-rP peptide-loaded autologous dendritic cells and IL-2. The peptide-specific CTLs Were able to kill PTH-rP(+)HLA-A(*)02.01(+) breast and prostate carcinoma cell lines. The two peptides were also able to elicit a strong antitumor PTH-rP-specific CTL response in HLA-A(*)02.01 (HHD) transgenic mice. The vaccinated mice did not show any sign of side effects due to cell-mediated autoimmunity or toxicity. In this study we describe two immunogenic and toxic-free PTH-rP peptides as valid candidates for the design of peptide-based vaccination strategies against prostate cancer and bone metastases from the most common epithelial malignancies.