Biocontrol strain of Bacillus subtilis AF 1 rapidly induces lipoxygenase in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) compared to crown rot pathogen Aspergillus niger

Metabolic products of polyunsaturated fatty acids have been variously implicated in control of microbial pathogens. Induced resistance has been shown as one of the mechanisms of biological control by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This paper reports a significant lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in groundnut seedlings with production of 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE) and 13-hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid (13-HPOTrE) as major products with linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), respectively. Both the hydroperoxides are inhibitory to the growth of Aspergillus niger as measured in micro titer plates. Ours is the first report on induction of LOX activities in groundnut on treatment with a PGPR strain Bacillus subtilis AF 1, and with crown-rot pathogen, A. niger. Treatment with B. subtilis AF 1 enhanced LOX levels in groundnut similarly but earlier to A. niger-treatment. This induction of LOX during activation of growth and pathogen infection was discussed in light of the reported involvement of LOX both in growth and development as well as in plant-pathogen interaction, particularly induced disease resistance.