Bioinformatic-aided prediction for release possibilities of bioactive peptides from plant proteins

Proteins apart from their basic functions may be the precursors of peptides with opioid, antihypertensive, immunomodulating, dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors, antiamnestic, antithrombotic and other activities. Biopeptides as components of food with desired features become an interesting issue for scientific research. The bioinformatic-aided analysis of the distribution of biologically active fragments and bonds, which are predicted to be susceptible to the action of endopeptidases of known specificity, hydropatby index and prediction of secondary structures has been carried out. The results indicated that wheat gliadins were the most susceptible for bioactive peptides release. These peptides showed antihypertensive, inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase opioid and antioxidative effect, and were released by chymotrypsin, elastase, ficin and pepsin. The bioactive fragments predicted to be released by proteolytic enzymes as well as surroundings of such fragments were hydrophilic. The most frequently occurring structure of bioactive peptides from plant proteins was random coil. These findings suggested that the distribution of bioactive fragments could favour their release by proteinases.