Dietary arsenic exposure in Bangladesh

被引:142
作者
Kile, Mohy L.
Houseman, E. Andres
Breton, Carrie V.
Smith, Thomas
Quamruzzaman, Ouazi
Rahman, Mahmuder
Mahiuddin, Golam
Christiani, David C.
机构
[1] Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] Dhaka Commun Hosp, Dhaka, Bangladesh
关键词
Bangladesh; dose; duplicate diet; food; intake; water;
D O I
10.1289/ehp.9462
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
BACKGROUND: Millions of people in Bangladesh are at risk of chronic arsenic toxicity from drinking contaminated groundwater, but little is known about diet as an additional source ofAs exposure. METHODS: We employed a duplicate diet survey to quantify daily As intake in 47 women residing in Pabna, Bangladesh. All samples were analyzed for total As, and a subset of 35 samples were measured for inorganic arsenic (iAs) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipped with a dynamic reaction cell. RESULTS: Median daily total As intake was 48 mu g As/day [interquartile range (IQR), 33-67) from food and 4 mu g As/day (IQR, 2-152) from drinking water. On average, iAs comprised 82% of the total As detected in dietary samples. After adjusting for the estimated inorganic fraction, 34% [95% confidence interval (CI), 21-49%] of all participants exceeded the World Health Organization's provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of 2.1 mu g As/kg-day. Two of the 33 women who used a well with < 50 mu g As/L exceeded this recommendation. CONCLUSIONS: When drinking water concentrations exceeded the Bangladesh drinking water standard of 50 mu g As/L, ingested water was the dominant source of exposure. However, as drinking water As concentrations decrease, the relative contribution of dietary As sources becomes more important to ingested dose. The combined intake from both diet and drinking water can cause some individuals to exceed the PTDI in spite of using a tube well that contains < 50 mu g As/L.
引用
收藏
页码:889 / 893
页数:5
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