The new method ‘micromapping’, a means to study species-specific associations and exclusions of ectomycorrhizae

被引:19
作者
Reinhard Agerer
Rüdiger Grote
Stefan Raidl
机构
[1] Universität München,Department Biology I, Biodiversitätsforschung: Systematische Mykologie
[2] Technische Universität München,Lehrstuhl für Waldwachstumskunde, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan
关键词
Boreal Forest; Spatial Relation; Common Occurrence; Ectomycorrhizal Fungus; Mapping Area;
D O I
10.1007/s11557-006-0015-x
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Ectomycorrhizae (ECM) are obligate symbiotic associations between higher fungi and most tree species of the temperate and boreal forests, and of some tree families in tropical areas. As the anatomical features of these symbiotic organs are very diverse and suggested to improve tree growth differently efficient, their frequency and natural distribution in the soil, as well as the differentiation and amount of their substrate exploiting extramatrical mycelia, are of special ecological interest. The soil with its heterogeneous assemblage of micro-niches certainly provokes ectomycorrhizal fungi to compete for such microsites. We therefore applied the method ‘micromapping’ to record the ECM in their natural position with the following question in mind: Do indicators exist for an exclusion of or an association with other ectomycorrhizal species or not? Thoroughly excavated and carefully cleaned ectomycorrhizae of the OF horizon of a Picea abies stand were drawn in their natural position on perspex plates of 5 × 5 cm mapping area (McMp) with ink of different colours. They were afterwards removed and specified. Following scanning of the McMp, a special computer program was applied to analyse their distribution. The spatial relations of the ECM were calculated according to the ‘growing grid method’. The preliminary results suggest that the ECM of Russula ochroleuca and Piceirhiza internicrassihyphis show no common occurrence within short distances. This possibly applies also for Russula ochroleuca in comparison to Piceirhiza cinnbadiosimilis, for Elaphomyces granulatus in comparison to Xerocomus badius, and Lactarius decipiens in comparison to Piceirhiza cinnbadiosimilis. Cortinarius obtusus with Piceirhiza internicrassihyphis, and Piceirhiza internicrassihyphis with Xerocomus badius, indicate, however, rather high values of common occurrence. Due to the small number of replications, the standard deviations are high. More detailed investigations are therefore necessary before definite conclusions can be made. This method, however, apparently provides a useful tool to analyse spatial relations of ECM in the soil. Possible reasons for exclusions and associations of ECM are briefly discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:155 / 166
页数:11
相关论文
共 106 条
[1]  
Agerer R.(1990)Gibt es eine Korrelation zwischen Anzahl der Ektomykorrhizen und Häufigkeit ihrer Fruchtkörper? Zeitschrift für Mykologie 56 155-158
[2]  
Agerer R.(1991)Studies on ectomycorrhizae XXXIV. Mycorrhizae of Nova Hedwigia 53 127-170
[3]  
Agerer R.(2001) and of Mycorrhiza 11 107-114
[4]  
Agerer R.(1981) with some remarks on Gomphidiaceae (Basidiomycetes) Zeitschrift für Mykologie 47 103-122
[5]  
Kottke I.(1996)Exploration types of ectomycorrhizae. A proposal to classify ectomycorrhizal mycelial systems according to their patterns of differentiation and putative ecological importance Nova Hedwigia 63 397-415
[6]  
Agerer R.(1998)Sozio-ökologische Studien an Pilzen von Fichten-und Eichen-Buchen-Hainbuchen-Wäldern im Naturpark Schönbuch Plant and Soil 199 83-89
[7]  
Müller W.R.(1983)Ectomycorrhizae of Plant and Soil 71 49-54
[8]  
Bahnweg G.(1992) on Soil Biology and Biochemistry 24 479-487
[9]  
Agerer R.(1994)Effects of acid irrigation and liming on the production of fruit bodies by ectomycorrhizal fungi Mycorrhiza 5 7-15
[10]  
Taylor A.F.S.(1992)Effects of N fertilization on populations of fine roots and mycorrhizas in spruce humus Forest Ecology and Management 53 77-89