Structural neuroimaging of the basal ganglia in schizophrenic patients: A review

被引：57

作者：

Brandt G.N. ^{[1
]}

Bonelli R.M. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Graz, Graz

[2] Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz

来源：

Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift | 2008年 / 158卷 / 3-4期

关键词：

Caudate; MRI; Pallidum; Putamen; Schizophrenia;

D O I：

10.1007/s10354-007-0478-7

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

The basal ganglia structures have quickened interests in schizophrenia research for several reasons: On the one hand, schizophrenic patients are successfully treated with neuroleptics acting on dopamine receptors, which are highly concentrated in the basal ganglia structures. On the other hand, basal ganglia play an important role in higher cognitive functions such as attention, working memory and goal-directed behavior, which are impaired in schizophrenia. Magnetic resonance imaging allows non-invasive in vivo volumetric measurement of these brain structures. In this review, we studied all available papers on MRI research of the basal ganglia in schizophrenic patients. We found a possibly decreased caudate volume in first-episode schizophrenic patients, whereas studies on chronic patients mostly reveal volume increases in caudate, putamen and pallidum. Data from longitudinal studies suggest on the one hand that typical and atypical neuroleptics may produce different effects on brain morphology and on the other hand, that these changes are dynamic and might be reversible. Further studies are warranted for a better understanding of the mechanisms, which may lead to structural basal ganglia abnormalities, with medication effects demanding particular attention. © Springer-Verlag 2007.

引用

页码：84 / 90

页数：6

共 58 条

[1]

Ashtari M, Zito JL, Gold BI, Lieberman JA, Borenstein MT, Herman PG, Computerized volume measurement of brain structure, Invest Radiol, 25, pp. 798-805, (1990)

[2]

McCarley RW, Wible CG, Frumin M, Hirayasu Y, Levitt JJ, Fischer IA, Shenton ME, MRI anatomy of schizophrenia, Biol Psychiatry, 45, pp. 1099-1119, (1999)

[3]

Ross CA, Pearlson GD, Schizophrenia, the heteromodal association neocortex and development: potential for a neurogenetic approach, Trends Neurosci, 19, pp. 171-176, (1996)

[4]

Middleton FA, Strick PL, Anatomical evidence for cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement in higher cognitive function, Science, 266, pp. 458-461, (1994)

[5]

Levy R, Hazrati LN, Herrero MT, Vila M, Hassani OK, Mouroux M, Ruberg M, Asensi H, Agid Y, Feger J, Obeso JA, Parent A, Hirsch EC, Re-evaluation of the functional anatomy of the basal ganglia in normal and Parkinsonian states, Neuroscience, 76, pp. 335-343, (1997)

[6]

Carlsson A, Antipsychotic drugs, neurotransmitters, and schizophrenia, Am J Psychiatry, 135, pp. 165-173, (1978)

[7]

Carlsson A, The current status of the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia, Neuropsychopharmacology, 1, pp. 179-186, (1988)

[8]

Andreasen NC, Arndt S, Swayze V, Cizadlo T, Flaum M, O'Leary D, Ehrhardt JC, Yuh WT, Thalamic abnormalities in schizophrenia visualized through magnetic resonance image averaging, Science, 266, pp. 294-298, (1994)

[9]

Carlsson M, Carlsson A, Interactions between glutamatergic and monoaminergic systems within the basal ganglia – implications for schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, Trends Neurosci, 13, pp. 272-276, (1990)

[10]

Braff DL, Information processing and attention dysfunctions in schizophrenia, Schizophr Bull, 19, pp. 233-259, (1993)

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 →