Air pollution and lung function among susceptible adult subjects: A panel study

被引：140

作者：

Lagorio S. ^{[1
]}

Forastiere F. ^{[2
]}

Pistelli R. ^{[3
]}

Iavarone I. ^{[4
]}

Michelozzi P. ^{[2
]}

Fano V. ^{[2
]}

Marconi A. ^{[4
]}

Ziemacki G. ^{[4
]}

Ostro B.D. ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome

[2] Department of Epidemiology, Rome E Health Authority, 00198 Rome

[3] Pneumology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome

[4] Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome

[5] California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), Oakland, CA 94612

来源：

Environmental Health | / 5卷 / 1期

关键词：

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Ischemic Heart Disease; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patient; Force Vital Capacity; Ultra Fine Particle;

D O I：

10.1186/1476-069X-5-11

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Background: Adverse health effects at relatively low levels of ambient air pollution have consistently been reported in the last years. We conducted a time-series panel study of subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) to evaluate whether daily levels of air pollutants have a measurable impact on the lung function of adult subjects with pre-existing lung or heart diseases. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with COPD, asthma, or IHD underwent repeated lung function tests by supervised spirometry in two one-month surveys. Daily samples of coarse (PM 10-2.5) and fine (PM2.5) particulate matter were collected by means of dichotomous samplers, and the dust was gravimetrically analyzed. The particulate content of selected metals (cadmium, chrome, iron, nickel, lead, platinum, vanadium, and zinc) was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Ambient concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) were obtained from the regional air-quality monitoring network. The relationships between concentrations of air pollutants and lung function parameters were analyzed by generalized estimating equations (GEE) for panel data. Results: Decrements in lung function indices (FVC and/or FEV1) associated with increasing concentrations of PM2.5, NO2 and some metals (especially zinc and iron) were observed in COPD cases. Among the asthmatics, NO2 was associated with a decrease in FEV1. No association between average ambient concentrations of any air pollutant and lung function was observed among IHD cases. Conclusion: This study suggests that the short-term negative impact of exposure to air pollutants on respiratory volume and flow is limited to individuals with already impaired respiratory function. The fine fraction of ambient PM seems responsible for the observed effects among COPD cases, with zinc and iron having a potential role via oxidative stress. The respiratory function of the relatively young and mild asthmatics included in this study seems to worsen when ambient levels of NO2 increase. © 2006 Lagorio et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

引用

共 44 条

[1]

Brunekreef B., Holgate S.T., Air pollution and health, Lancet, 360, pp. 1233-1242, (2002)

[2]

Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter: I. Immediate Priorities and a Long-range Research Portfolio, (1998)

[3]

Utell M.J., Frampton M.W., Who is susceptible to particulate matter and why?, Inhal Toxicol, 12, 1 SUPPL., pp. 37-40, (2000)

[4]

Forastiere F., D'Ippoliti D., Pistelli R., Airborne particles are associated with increased mortality and hospital admissions for hearth and lung diseases, Eur Respir Mon, 20, pp. 1-15, (2002)

[5]

MacNee W., Donaldson K., Mechanism of lung injury caused by PM<sub>10</sub> and ultrafine particles with special reference to COPD, Eur Respir J, 21, 40 SUPPL., (2003)

[6]

Kelly F.J., Oxidative stress: Its role in air pollution and adverse health effects, Occup Environ Med, 60, pp. 612-616, (2003)

[7]

Risom L., Moller P., Loft S., Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage by particulate air pollution, Mutat Res, 592, pp. 119-137, (2005)

[8]

Roberts E.S., Richards J.H., Jaskot R., Dreher K.L., Oxidative stress mediates air pollution particle-induced acute lung injury and molecular pathology, Inhal Toxicol, 15, pp. 1327-1346, (2003)

[9]

Holgate S.T., Sandstrom T., Frew A.J., Stenfors N., Nordenhall C., Salvi S., Blomberg A., Helleday R., Soderberg M., Health effects of acute exposure to air pollution. Part I: Healthy and asthmatic subjects exposed to diesel exhaust, Res Rep Health Eff Inst, 112, pp. 1-30, (2003)

[10]

Lay J.C., Bennett W.D., Ghio A.J., Bromberg P.A., Costa D.L., Kim C.S., Koren H.S., Devlin R.B., Cellular and biochemical response of the human lung after intrapulmonary instillation of ferric oxide particles, Am J Resp Cell Mol Biol, 20, pp. 631-642, (1999)

← 1 2 3 4 5 →