Taxonomy and biocontrol potential of a new species of Trichoderma from the Amazon basin of South America

被引:73
作者
Keith A. Holmes
Hans-Josef Schroers
Sarah E. Thomas
Harry C. Evans
Gary J. Samuels
机构
[1] UK Centre (Ascot),CABI Bioscience
[2] Fungal Biodiversity Centre,Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures
[3] United States Department of Agriculture-ARS,Systematic Botany and Mycology Lab.
关键词
Internal Transcribe Space; Trichoderma; Broom; Ecuador; Internal Transcribe Space Region;
D O I
10.1007/s11557-006-0090-z
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
The new species Trichoderma ovalisporum is described and its biocontrol potential against Crinipellis species is analyzed. Using partial nuclear translation elongation factor 1α (EF-1α) and partial nuclear actin gene intron and exon sequences, T. ovalisporum is identified as a member of Trichoderma sect. Trichoderma and as a close relative of T. koningii-like taxa that have ellipsoidal to oblong, smooth conidia. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal gene cluster did not resolve the phylogeny of T. ovalisporum and its closest relatives. Trichoderma ovalisporum is morphologically similar to T. koningii, Hypocrea stilbohypoxyli, and three as yet undescribed Trichoderma taxa. It differs from its close relatives in having smaller, ovoidal conidia and in its fast rate of growth at 30 °C. Trichoderma ovalisporum was isolated twice: once from witches’ broom (Crinipellis perniciosa)-infected tissue of a liana (Banisteriopsis caapi, Malpighiaceae) collected in Ecuador. The second isolation was from the healthy bole of a mature tree of Theobroma grandiflorum (cupuaçu, Malvaceae) collected in Brazil (Pará). The liana isolate reinfected and was reisolated from meristematic tissues of seedlings of Theobroma cacao, and inhibited radial growth of the frosty pod rot pathogen (Crinipellis roreri) in vitro. It also persisted on the surface, and within the tissues, of cocoa pods in the field for at least 10 weeks.
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页码:199 / 210
页数:11
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