The role of the environment in the development of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease topical collection on pediatric gastroenterology

被引：55

作者：

Aujnarain A. ^{[1
]}

Mack D.R. ^{[1
,3
]}

Benchimol E.I. ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa

[2] Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa

[3] CHEO IBD Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1

[4] Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa

来源：

Current Gastroenterology Reports | 2013年 / 15卷 / 6期

基金：

加拿大健康研究院;

关键词：

Crohn's disease; Environment; Epidemiology; Inflammatory bowel disease; Pediatrics; Risk factors; Ulcerative colitis;

D O I：

10.1007/s11894-013-0326-4

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising worldwide, with a particularly sharp increase in children. Rates are highest in North America and Europe, with rapid increases noted in developing nations adopting the Westernized environment. While many genetic risk loci have been identified that predispose people to IBD, incomplete penetrance and overlapping genotypes among patients with different phenotypes inadequately explain the etiology of these chronic diseases. Therefore, environmental risk factors have been the subject of much recent research. This article reviews the role of the environment in IBD, with particular focus on early-life exposures and pediatric-onset disease. The literature surrounding environmental risk factors is reviewed, including prenatal and perinatal exposures, the hygiene hypothesis, the urban environment, infection and antibiotic use, and secondhand tobacco smoke exposure. In addition, the possible role of the environment in altering the intestinal microbiome is addressed. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

引用

共 86 条

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