Use of the kinematic-wave equation to model flood waves in nonprismatic channels mathematically

The kinematic-wave equation expresses the law of mass conservation of liquid in a channel. It is widely used for hydraulic investigations of flood waves. The kinematic-wave equation was used to model flood waves in a broad rectangular channel corresponding to the Manning formula. The results showed that a discontinuity in the width, slope or hydraulic friction will result in the development of a discontinuous solution. In non-prismatic channels, the depth of flooding will be independent of the outflow and is determined by the volume and longitudinal coordinate of the station.