Mathematical expression recognition: A survey

被引:126
作者
Chan K.-F. [1 ]
Yeung D.-Y. [1 ]
机构
[1] Department of Computer Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Clear Water Bay
关键词
Error detection and correction; Mathematical expression recognition; Performance evaluation; Structural analysis; Symbol recognition;
D O I
10.1007/PL00013549
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Automatic recognition of mathematical expressions is one of the key vehicles in the drive towards transcribing documents in scientific and engineering disciplines into electronic form. This problem typically consists of two major stages, namely, symbol recognition and structural analysis. In this survey paper, we will review most of the existing work with respect to each of the two major stages of the recognition process. In particular, we try to put emphasis on the similarities and differences between systems. Moreover, some important issues in mathematical expression recognition will be addressed in depth. All these together serve to provide a clear overall picture of how this research area has been developed to date. © 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
引用
收藏
页码:3 / 15
页数:12
相关论文
共 68 条
[1]  
Aho A.V., Sethi R., Ullman J.D., Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools, (1986)
[2]  
Anderson R.H., Syntax-directed recognition of handprinted two-dimensional mathematics, Interactive Systems for Experimental Applied Mathematics, pp. 436-459, (1968)
[3]  
Anderson R.H., Two-dimensional mathematical notation, Syntactic Pattern Recognition Applications, pp. 147-177, (1977)
[4]  
ATCM'98.: Proc. 3rd Asian Technol. Conf. in Math, (1998)
[5]  
Belaid A., Haton J.-P., A syntactic approach for handwritten mathematical formula recognition, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell, 6, 1, pp. 105-111, (1984)
[6]  
Berman B.P., Fateman R.J., Optical character recognition for typeset mathematics, Proc. 1994 Int. Symp. Symb. Algebraic Comput, pp. 348-353, (1994)
[7]  
Blostein D., Grbavec A., Recognition of mathematical notation, Handbook of Character Recognition and Document Image Analysis, pp. 557-582, (1997)
[8]  
Chan K.F., Yeung D.Y., Recognizing online handwritten alphanumeric characters through flexible structural matching, Pattern Recognition, 32, 7, pp. 1099-1114, (1999)
[9]  
Chan K.F., Yeung D.Y., An efficient syntactic approach to structural analysis of online handwritten mathematical expressions, Pattern Recognition, 33, 3, pp. 375-384, (2000)
[10]  
Chang S.K., A method for the structural analysis of two-dimensional mathematical expressions, Inf. Sci, 2, 3, pp. 253-272, (1970)