Conduction type control from n to p type for organic pigment films purified by reactive sublimation

The effects of purification by reactive sublimation technique and bromine doping on the Fermi level and the photovoltaic properties of n-type perylene pigment films were investigated. Photovoltage arisen from the Schottky junction between n-type perylene pigment film and Au increased significantly by repeating the train sublimation under methylamine gas atmosphere. This phenomenon was revealed to be due to the negative shift of the Fermi level resulting from the effective removal of unknown but specific impurity acting as an acceptor by reactive sublimation. On the other hand, by bromine doping, Fermi level of the pigment film shifted largely to a positive direction and reached the nearby valence band, while the direction of photocurrent flow arising from the Schottky junction with Au was reversed. This result is a clear demonstration of alternating the type of conduction from n type to p type. This means that the pn control of organic semiconductors is possible. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics.