DIETS OF YELLOW-EYED, FJORDLAND CRESTED, AND LITTLE BLUE PENGUINS BREEDING SYMPATRICALLY ON CODFISH-ISLAND, NEW-ZEALAND

被引：35

作者：

VANHEEZIK, Y

机构：

[1] Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin

[2] Percy Fitz Patrick, Institute of African Ornithology, University Of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town

来源：

NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY | 1990年 / 17卷 / 04期

关键词：

DIET; YELLOW-EYED PENGUINS; FJORDLAND CRESTED PENGUIN; LITTLE BLUE PENGUIN; LITTLE PENGUIN;

D O I：

10.1080/03014223.1990.10422952

中图分类号：

Q95 [动物学];

学科分类号：

071002 ;

摘要：

Diets of sympatrically breeding yellow-eyed (Megadyptes antipodes), fiordland crested (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus), and little blue penguins (Eudyptula minor) were examined over 1 week in late October on Codfish Island, New Zealand to determine the degree of dietray overlap. Diets of yellow-eye (YEP's) and fiordland crested (FCP's), and yellow-eyed and little blue penguins (LBP's) overlapped by 18% and 17%, respectively; LBP and FCP's by 46%. YEP's ate 7 species (out of a total of 16) that were not eaten by FCP's or LBP's, 2 of which comprised 97% of the diet by weight, and 6 of which are demersal in habit. YEP's mainly ate fewer large individuals, whereas FCP's and LBP's ate large numbers of small prey items. All species eaten by FCP's and LBP's were small juvenile forms that are found in the macrozooplankton, indicating foraging by FCP's and LBP's was exclusively pelagic; YEP's foraged demersally as well as pelagically. This observation agrees with what is known of the foraging behaviour of mainland populations where sympatry does not occur.

引用

页码：543 / 548

页数：6

共 19 条

[1]

Adams N.J., Brown C.R., Dietary differentiation and trophic relationships in the sub-Antarctic penguin community at Marion Island, Marine Ecology Progress Series, 57, pp. 249-258, (1989)

[2]

Ayling T., Cox G.J., Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand, (1984)

[3]

Brower J.E., Zar J.H., Field and Laboratory Methods for General Ecology, (1977)

[4]

Croxall J.P., Davis R.W., O'Connell M.J., Diving patterns in relation to diet of Gentoo and Macaroni penguins at South Georgia, Condor, 90, pp. 157-167, (1988)

[5]

Falla R.A., Sibson R.B., Turbott E.G., The New Guide to the Birds of New Zealand, (1981)

[6]

Gales R., Comparative Breeding Ecology of Seabi Rds on the Otago Coast, (1984)

[7]

Gales R., Williams C., Ritz D., Foraging behaviour of the little penguin, Eudyptula minor: Initial results and assessment of instrument effect. Journal of zoology, London, 220, pp. 61-85, (1990)

[8]

Habib G., Aspects of the Biology of the Red Cod (Pseudophycis Bachus)., (1973)

[9]

Hulsman K., Width of gape as a determinant of size of prey eaten by terns, Emu, 81, pp. 29-32, (1981)

[10]

Lalas C., Comparative Feeding Ecology of New Zealand Marine Shags (Phalacrocoracidae)., (1983)

← 1 2 →