The modifications of oligodeoxyribonucleotides include replacement of the other chain either the whole-PS (S-ODNs) group, or group end-capped with PS (SO-ODNs) at both 3'- and 5'-ends. The melting temperature of the duplexes for one normal chain with modified phosphorothioate oligomers indicates diminished hybridization capability of the whole phosphorothioate oligomers relative to both the unmodified phosphodiester oligomers and the partially phosphorothioate-diester oligomers. In the assays of HIV, oligomers (S-ODNs) with complete replacement of the phosphodiesters with phosphorothioate groups were found to be very active. Finally of particular interest are the oligomers complementary to the HIV sequences (S-ODNs-rev or tat, 15 and 20mers) which possessed higher anti-HIV activity than the homooligomers (S-dC28 or S-dC20) itself.