EFFECTS OF THERAPIST SEX ON THE OUTCOME OF THERAPY

This article examines studies which have sought to determine the effects of therapist sex on the outcome of therapy. Most studies supported one of the following three viewpoints: female therapists are more effective with both sexes of clients; matching therapist and client sex produces the greatest therapeutic benefit; or therapist sex is a poor predictor of outcome in therapy. The strengths and weaknesses of these three positions and some less commonly held views are discussed. Due to unimpressive statistical findings, conflicting evidence, and poor experimental control in prior research, it is cautiously concluded that a therapist's sex is a poor predictor of outcome in therapy. Suggestions are made for future research.