CONDITIONAL DISCRIMINATION AND EQUIVALENCE-RELATIONS - A THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS OF CONTROL BY NEGATIVE STIMULI

被引:110
作者
CARRIGAN, PF
SIDMAN, M
机构
[1] NEW ENGLAND CTR AUTISM,33 TURNPIKE RD,SOUTHBOROUGH,MA 01772
[2] NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115
关键词
STIMULUS CONTROL; EQUIVALENCE RELATIONS; MATCHING TO SAMPLE; CONDITIONAL DISCRIMINATION; THEORETICAL ANALYSIS;
D O I
10.1901/jeab.1992.58-183
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
A detailed analysis is presented of the ways in which control by the negative stimulus in two-comparison conditional discriminations may be expected to affect the outcome of tests for the properties of equivalence relations. Control by the negative stimulus should produce the following results: (a) no observable effect on symmetry tests; (b) reflexivity test results should look like "oddity" rather than "identity"; and (c) transitivity tests that involve an odd number of nodes should yield results that are 100% opposite to tests that involve an even number of nodes. The analysis also considers the effects of variation in the type of comparison-stimulus control between and within baseline conditional discriminations. Methods are suggested for experimentally regulating the type of control, and for verifying the predictions that the analysis generates. If suggested experiments continue to support the analysis, investigators who use two-comparison conditional discriminations to study equivalence relations will either have to control explicitly whether the positive or the negative comparison governs their subjects' choices, or they will have to abandon two comparisons and use three or more comparisons instead.
引用
收藏
页码:183 / 204
页数:22
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