SOLIDIFICATION OF AN ALLOY COOLED FROM ABOVE .1. EQUILIBRIUM GROWTH

被引:93
作者
KERR, RC
WOODS, AW
WORSTER, MG
HUPPERT, HE
机构
[1] UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT APPL MATH & THEORET PHYS,CAMBRIDGE CB3 9EW,ENGLAND
[2] UNIV CAMBRIDGE,INST THEORET GEOPHYS,CAMBRIDGE CB3 9EW,ENGLAND
关键词
D O I
10.1017/S0022112090000453
中图分类号
O3 [力学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0801 ;
摘要
The interaction between the solidification and convection that occurs when a melt is cooled from above is investigated in a series of three papers. In these papers we consider a two-component melt that partially solidifies to leave a buoyant residual fluid. The solid forms a mushy layer of dendritic crystals, the interstices of which accommodate the residual fluid. The heat extraction through the upper boundary, necessary to promote solidification, drives convection at high Rayleigh numbers in the melt below the mushy layer. The convection enhances the heat transfer from the melt and alters the rate of solidification. In this paper the various phenomena are studied in a series of laboratory experiments in which ice is frozen from aqueous solutions of isopropanol. The experiments are complemented by the development of a general theoretical model in which the mush is treated as a continuum phase with thermodynamic properties that are functions of the local solid fraction. The model, which is based upon principles of equilibrium thermodynamics and local conservation of heat and solute, produces results in good agreement with the experimental data. Careful comparisons between this theory and experiments suggest the need to explore non-equilibrium effects, which are investigated in Parts 2 and 3. © 1990, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
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页码:323 / 342
页数:20
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