The PIXE technique has long been applied to the study of atmospheric aerosols, and it continues as one of the most important areas of application. In this paper, sampling techniques for atmospheric aerosols designed for PIXE analysis are addressed, and the optimum measurement conditions for PIXE analysis is investigated. Based on these studies, we have selected a stacked filter sampling system as our standard sampling method for atmospheric aerosols and double measurements by two different analytical conditions as the standard measurement condition of PIXE analysis.