The sex ratio (% males) in broods of Falco tinnunculus declined with progressive date of birth. This decline enhanced reproductive prospects of the broods since the probability of breeding as yearling declined with birth date for male offspring, but not for females. The sex ratio bias of the brood was produced by non-random sex segregation at meiosis: by altering the within-clutch sequence of sexes (first male then female eggs in early clutches, the reverse in late clutches) laying kestrels assigned the sex with the better long-term reproductive prospects to the initial eggs of their clutch, which suffer least mortality in the nest. -from Authors