COPING STRATEGIES USED BY UNITED-STATES OLYMPIC WRESTLERS

被引:209
作者
GOULD, D
EKLUND, RC
JACKSON, SA
机构
[1] VICTORIA INST TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS EDUC & RECREAT, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
[2] AUBURN UNIV, DEPT HLTH & HUMAN PERFORMANCE, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA
关键词
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS; ELITE ATHLETES; STRESS; STRESS MANAGEMENT; WRESTLING;
D O I
10.1080/02701367.1993.10608782
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
Extensive in-depth interviews were conducted with all 20 members of the 1988 U.S. Olympic Wrestling Team regarding their efforts to cope with stress experienced during the Seoul Olympics. Qualitative analyses revealed that the wrestlers employed a variety of coping strategies including (a) thought control strategies (blocking distractions, perspective taking, positive thinking, coping thoughts, and prayer), (b) task focus strategies (narrow, more immediate focus, concentrating on goals), (c) behavioral based strategies (changing or controlling the environment, following a set routine), and (d) emotional control strategies (arousal control, visualization). In accordance with the observations of Compas (1987) and Folkman and Lazarus (1985), the coping efforts of the Olympic wrestlers were not limited to particular strategies nor to single approaches to dealing with a particular stressor but, rather, rejected a dynamic complex process involving a number of strategies, often in combination. The results also suggested that the degree to which coping strategies are well learned or automatized is related to their perceived effectiveness.
引用
收藏
页码:83 / 93
页数:11
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