TEMPORAL DISCRIMINATION IN SCHIZOPHRENIC AND AFFECTIVE-DISORDERS - EVIDENCE FOR A DOPAMINE-DEPENDENT INTERNAL CLOCK

Performance in temporal discrimination of time intervals in the range of milliseconds was compared in 80 healthy subjects, 27 patients with schizophrenic disorders, 33 patients with major depression, 21 patients with dysthymic disorders. For schizophrenic patients as well as for patients with major depression, pronounced deficits in duration discrimination could be demonstrated as compared to the healthy control group (p < 01). Patients with dysthymic disorders and schizophrenic patients differed significantly from the melancholic group (p < 01 and p < 05, respectively). The results are discussed on the basis of the assumption of an internal clock, implying that the clock rate is highest and therefore temporal resolution is best with healthy subjects. With psychiatric patients performance in temporal discrimination was impaired to a slowing down in clock rate and thus decreased temporal resolution. There is strong evidence that changes in clock rate depend on the effective level of dopamine. This leads to the conclusion that temporal discrimination thresholds may be seen as an indicator for deviations from the optimal level of dopaminergic activity in psychiatric patients. In addition, possible effects due to age and medication are discussed. © 1990 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.