NEW AND RARE FLAVONOL GLYCOSIDES FROM ASPLENIUM-TRICHOMANES-RAMOSUM AS STABLE CHEMOTAXONOMIC MARKERS

Sixteen flavonol glycosides, including new and rare ones, were isolated from Asplenium trichomanes-ramosum. Major glycosides were quercetin 3-methyl ether 8-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-arabinoside-7-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3,7-di-O-rhamnoside, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside-7-O-arabinoside and quercetin 3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside, which were accompanied with traces of two quercetin 3-methyl ether 5-O-glycosides and three kaempferol 3,5-O-glycosides. Flavonol 5-O-glycosides were found in the genus Asplenium for the first time. The new or rare glycosides were consistently detected in all samples, which were collected at representative places in the Northern Hemisphere (the oldest sample was collected in 1879) and show that the flavonoids are extremely stable as chemotaxonomic markers for defining the species.