PM-10 HIGH-VOLUME COLLECTION AND QUANTITATION OF SEMIVOLATILE AND NONVOLATILE PHENOLS, METHOXYLATED PHENOLS, ALKANES, AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS FROM WINTER URBAN AIR AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO WOOD SMOKE EMISSIONS

Organic pollutants from winter urban air were collected using a conventional PM-10 high-volume air sampler (68 m3/h) which had been modified to include polyurethane foam (PUF) sorbent sheets behind the quartz fiber filter. Fifty-five major semivolatile and nonvolatile pollutants including C14-C26 alkanes, PAHs ranging from acenaphthylene (M = 152) to those with M = 252, phenols, and methoxylated phenols were efficiently collected on the filter and PUF sorbent sheets and were quantitated in the unfractionated extracts using GC/MS. In 22 samples collected at six different locations m Minneapolis, MN, and Salt Lake City, UT, the average weight percent contributions of each compound class measured were as follows: n-alkanes, 23%; PAHs 11%; methoxyphenols, 21%; and phenols, 45%. Methoxylated phenol concentrations were highest in residential areas with high wood burning, alkanes were highest in high traffic areas, and phenols and PAHs were associated with all types of sampling locations. Guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) and its major derivatives showed excellent correlations (r2 ca. 0.74-0.90) with the fraction of "new" (wood smoke-derived) PM-10 carbon determined by C-14 analysis, demonstrating that their measurement could be used to determine the fraction of PM-10 particulate carbon contributed by residential wood burning.