QUANTUM-MECHANICS OF A MACROSCOPIC VARIABLE - THE PHASE DIFFERENCE OF A JOSEPHSON JUNCTION

被引：295

作者：

CLARKE, J ^{[1
]}

CLELAND, AN ^{[1
]}

DEVORET, MH ^{[1
]}

ESTEVE, D ^{[1
]}

MARTINIS, JM ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] UNIV CALIF BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT & CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720

来源：

SCIENCE | 1988年 / 239卷 / 4843期

关键词：

MICROWAVES - Spectrum Analysis - QUANTUM THEORY - SPECTROSCOPY - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY;

D O I：

10.1126/science.239.4843.992

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Experiments to investigate the quantum behavior of a macroscopic degree of freedom, namely the phase difference across a Josephson tunnel junction, are described. The experiments involve measurements of the escape rate of the junction from its zero voltage state. Low temperature measurements of the escape rate for junctions that are either nearly undamped or moderately damped agree very closely with predictions for macroscopic quantum tunneling, with no adjustable parameters. Microwave spectroscopy reveals quantized energy levels in the potential well of the junction in excellent agreement with quantum-mechanical calculations. The system can be regarded as a 'macroscopic nucleus with wires'.

引用

页码：992 / 997

页数：6

共 40 条

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