Two new triterpenes, ilexolic acid A and B, and seven new saponins, ilexosides XXXIII-XXXIX, together with the known saponin rotungenoside were isolated from the fresh leaves of Ilex rotunda, and their structures elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. The structures of ilexolic acid A and B were elucidated as 3beta,19alpha,21beta,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid and 3beta,19alpha-dihydroxyolean-12-ene-18,23-dioic acid, respectively. Ilexoside XXXIII was the 3-0-glucuronide of 23-oxosiaresinolic acid, ilexoside XXXIV was the 3-O-sulphate of pedunculoside. Ilexoside XXXV and XXXVI were the 28-glucosyl 3-sulphate and 3,28-bisglucoside of rotungenic acid, respectively. Ilexosides XXXVII-XXXIX were bisdesmosides of rotundic acid.