PROBLEMS IN THE USE OF UREA AS A NITROGEN-FERTILIZER

被引：27

作者：

BREMNER, JM

机构：

[1] Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa

来源：

SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT | 1990年 / 6卷 / 02期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1111/j.1475-2743.1990.tb00804.x

中图分类号：

S15 [土壤学];

学科分类号：

0903 ; 090301 ;

摘要：

Abstract. N‐(n‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) is the most effective compound currently available for retarding hydrolysis of urea fertilizer in soil and for decreasing ammonia volatilization and nitrite e accumulation in soils treated with urea. It is a poor inhibitor of plant or microbial urease, but decomposes quite rapidly in soil with formation of N‐(n‐butyl) phosphoric triamide, which is a potent inhibitor of urease activity. The adverse effects of urea fertilizers on seed germination and seedling growth in soil are due to ammonia produced through hydrolysis of urea by soil urease. They can be eliminated by addition of a urease inhibitor to these fertilizers. The leaf‐burn commonly observed after foliar fertilization of soybeans with urea results from accumulation of toxic amounts of urea in the soybean leaves rather than formation of toxic amounts of ammonia through urea hydrolysis by leaf urease. Leaf‐burn is accordingly increased rather than decreased by addition of a urease inhibitor to the urea fertilizer applied. Copyright © 1990, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

引用

页码：70 / 71

页数：2

共 7 条

[1] Bremner J.M., Chai M.S., Evaluation of N‐butyl phosphorothioic triamide for retardation of urea hydrolysis in soil, Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 17, pp. 337-351, (1986)
[2] Bremner J.M., Chai H.S., Effects of phosphoroamides on ammonia volatilization and nitrite accumulation in soils treated with urea, Biology and Fertility of Soils, 8, pp. 227-230, (1989)
[3] Bremner J.M., Krogmeier MJ., Elimination of the adverse effects of urea fertilizer on seed germination, seedling growth, and early plant growth in soil, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 85, pp. 4601-4604, (1988)
[4] Bremner J.M., Krogmeier MJ., Evidence that the adverse effect of urea fertilizer on seed germination in soil is due to ammonia formed through hydrolysis of urea by soil urease, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 86, pp. 8185-8188, (1989)
[5] Krogmeier M.J., McCarty G.W., BREMNER J.M., Phytotoxicity of foliar‐applied urea, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 86, pp. 8189-8191, (1989)
[6] McCarty G.W., Bremner J.M., Formation of phosphoryl triamide by decomposition of thiophosphoryl triamide in soil, Biology and Fertility of Soils, 8, pp. 290-292, (1989)
[7] McCarty G.W., Bremner J.M., Chai H.S., Effect of N‐(n‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide on hydrolysis of urea by plant, microbial, and soil urease, Biology and Fertility of Soils, 8, pp. 123-127, (1989)

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