METASTABLE PHASES IN POLAR STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOLS

被引：60

作者：

FOX, LE ^{[1
]}

WORSNOP, DR ^{[1
]}

ZAHNISER, MS ^{[1
]}

WOFSY, SC ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] AERODYNE RES INC, CTR CHEM & ENVIRONM PHYS, BILLERICA, MA 01821 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 1995年 / 267卷 / 5196期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1126/science.267.5196.351

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Phase changes in stratospheric aerosols were studied by cooling a droplet of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in the presence of nitric acid (HNO3) and water vapor. A sequence of solid phases was observed to form that followed Ostwald's rule for phase nucleation. For stratospheric partial pressures at temperatures between 193 and 195 kelvin, a metastable ternary H2SO4-HNO3 hydrate, H2SO4.HNO3.5H(2)O, formed in coexistence with binary H2SO4.kH(2)O hydrates (k = 2, 3, and 4) and then transformed to nitric acid dihydrate, HNO3.2H(2)O, within a few hours. Metastable HNO3.2H(2)O always formed before stable nitric acid trihydrate, HNO3.3H(2)O, under stratospheric conditions and persisted for long periods. The formation of metastable phases provides a mechanism for differential particle growth and sedimentation of HNO3 from the polar winter stratosphere.

引用

页码：351 / 355

页数：5

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