BIODIVERSITY LOSS IN THE TEMPERATE ZONE - DECLINE OF THE NATIVE FISH FAUNA OF CALIFORNIA

被引：125

作者：

MOYLE, PB

WILLIAMS, JE

机构：

[1] Wildlife and Fisheries Biology University of California, Davis, California

[2] Wildlife and Fisheries Biology University of California, Davis, California

来源：

CONSERVATION BIOLOGY | 1990年 / 4卷 / 03期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1111/j.1523-1739.1990.tb00289.x

中图分类号：

X176 [生物多样性保护];

学科分类号：

090705 ;

摘要：

In proportion to the entire fauna, loss of species may be as great in temperate regions as in tropical regions. To test the validity of this statement we analyzed the status of the native fish fauna of California, using a methodology that quantifies expert knowledge. Of 113 native taxa, 6 percent are extinct, 12 percent are officially listed as threatened or endangered 6 percent deserve immediate listing I7 percent may need listing soon, 22 percent show declining populations but are not yet in serious trouble, and 36 percent appear to be secure. Much of the faunal decline has taken place in recent years; it has included unexpectedly rapid declines of once abundant species. Fish taxa in serious trouble are most likely to be (1) endemic to California, (2) restricted to a small area, (3) occupants of just one drainage basin, (4) part of a fish assemblage of less than five species, and (5) found in isolated springs, warm water streams, or big rivers. Water diversions and introduced species, acting in concert, seem to be the principal causes of the decline of the native fauna, although other types of habitat degradation have contributed as well. The situation in California, with its high degree of endemism (60 percent), may be regarded as extreme but fish faunas in other temperate regions show signs of being nearly as stressed. It is likely that the situation with fish reflects a more general decline of the biota of temperate regions of the world. Copyright © 1990, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

引用

页码：275 / 284

页数：10

共 32 条

[1]

Allendorf F.W., Conservation biology of fishes, Conservation Biology, 2, pp. 145-148, (1988)

[2]

Black G.F., Status of the desert pupfish, Cyprinodon macularius (Baird and Girard) in California, Inland Fisheries Endangered Species Program Special Publication 80–1, (1980)

[3]

Cech J.J., Mitchill S.J., Massingill M.J., Respiratory adaptations of the Sacramento blackfish, Ortbodon microlepidotus (Ayres), for hypoxia, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 63 A, pp. 411-415, (1979)

[4]

Hubbs C.L., Follett W.I., Dempster L.J., List of the fishes of California, Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 133, pp. 1-51, (1979)

[5]

Johnson J.E., Protected fishes of the United States and Canada, (1987)

[6]

Karr J.R., Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities, Fisheries, 6, pp. 21-27, (1981)

[7]

Lee D.S., Gilbert C.R., Hocutt C.H., Jenkins R.E., McAllister D.E., Stauffer J.R., Atlas of North American fishes, (1980)

[8]

Miller D.L., Leonard P.M., Hughes R.M., Et al., Regional applications of an index of biotic integrity for use in water resource management, Fisheries, 13, pp. 12-20, (1988)

[9]

Miller R.R., Man and the changing fish fauna of the American Southwest, Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters, 46, pp. 365-404, (1961)

[10]

Minckley W.L., Status of the razorback sucker, Xyraucben texanus (Abbott), in the lower Colorado River basin, Southwestern Naturalist, 28, pp. 165-187, (1983)

← 1 2 3 4 →