INHIBITION OF NITROVASODILATORS BY PYOCYANIN AND METHYLENE-BLUE IS DISSOCIATED FROM NITRIC-OXIDE FORMATION

The phenazine pigment pyocyanin (Pyo), like methylene blue (MB), inhibits vascular relaxation induced by organic nitrates. These nitrovasodilators are pro-drugs that have in common the ability to generate nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we characterized responses of rabbit isolated aortic ring to 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), sodium nitroprusside, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), and isosorbide dinitrate in the presence and absence of 10 mu M Pyo. We also examined the effect of Pyo (1 and 10 mu M) and MB (1 and 10 mu M) on vasorelaxation induced by authentic NO, and finally we tested the effects of Pyo and MB on the tissue-independent formation of NO from SIN-1, SNAP, and sodium nitroprusside, using the chemiluminescence - headspace gas method. Pyo (10 mu M) surmountably inhibited aortic responses to GTN, isosorbide dinitrate, SIN-1, and SNAP with a characteristic rightward shift of the dose-response curve; the apparent EC(50) of these drugs for relaxation of phenylephrine-contracted aorta was increased 18-, 4-, 13-, and 15-fold, respectively. Pyo (1 and 10 mu M) and MB (10 mu M) inhibited NO-induced vasorelaxation at the EC(50) of NO by 35, 72, and 56%. In contrast, Pyo did not inhibit sodium nitroprusside induced vasodilation. For a 10-min incubation, 10 mu M Pyo or MB increased NO production from SNAP 1.8- and 2.9-fold, respectively, and increased NO production from SIN-1 by 3.8-and 7.1-fold, respectively. Neither Pyo nor MB enhanced NO formation from sodium nitroprusside. These data indicate that Pyo and MB inhibit nitrovasodilator-induced relaxation of aortic ring by interfering with the action of NO, subsequent to its formation.