ON THE PECULIARITIES OF LOYALTY - A DIARY STUDY OF RESPONSES TO DISSATISFACTION IN EVERYDAY LIFE

Research on exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect suggests an enigma: Whereas responding to dissatisfying incidents with exit or neglect is generally harmful-and whereas voice is generally beneficial-loyalty does not reliably yield favorable consequences. A diary study of dating partners' responses to dissatisfying incidents revealed results consistent with two explanations of the unreliable payoffs of loyalty. First, loyalty is less ''visible'' than the other responses: Partners exhibited less agreement about the occurrence of loyalty than other responses; individuals reported greater frequencies of loyalty for themselves than for their partners; and there were greater discrepancies between perceived frequencies of voice relative to loyalty for partner than for self. Thus, when an individual behaves loyally, this response frequently remains unnoticed (or is misinterpreted). Second, because acts of loyalty operate in an indirect manner, they frequently produce less extreme outcomes: Allthough loyalty responses were judged to yield more constructive consequences than exit and neglect, loyalty was judged less constructive than voice.